![]() Nd:Glass lasers are usually frequency tripled to the third harmonic at 351 nm in laser fusion devices. Used in extremely high-power ( terawatt scale), high-energy ( megajoules) multiple beam systems for inertial confinement fusion. ~1.062 μm ( silicate glasses), ~1.054 μm ( phosphate glasses) Such materials have the potential to simplify the design of high brightness green lasers. Nd:YCOB is a so-called "self-frequency doubling" or SFD laser material which is both capable of lasing and which has nonlinear characteristics suitable for second harmonic generation. Neodymium-doped yttrium calcium oxoborate Nd: Y Ca 4 O( BO 3) 3 or simply Nd:YCOB A frequency doubled nd:YVO 4 laser is also the normal way of making a green laser pointer. Also used pulsed for marking and micromachining. Mostly used for continuous pumping of mode-locked Ti:sapphire or dye lasers, in combination with frequency doubling. Neodymium-doped yttrium orthovanadate ( Nd:YVO 4) laser Mostly used for pulsed pumping of certain types of pulsed Ti:sapphire lasers, combined with frequency doubling. Neodymium YLF ( Nd:YLF) solid-state laser Periodontal scaling, dental laser, skin resurfacing Surgery, tattoo removal, hair removal, research, pumping other lasers (combined with frequency doubling to produce a green 532 nm beam)Įxperimental production of nanopowders. Nd:YAP laser (yttrium aluminium perovskite) Usually pulsed (down to fractions of a nanosecond), dental laser One of the most common high-power lasers. Material processing, rangefinding, laser target designation, surgery, tattoo removal, hair removal, research, pumping other lasers (combined with frequency doubling to produce a green 532 nm beam). The first laser, invented by Theodore Maiman in May 1960. Main article: Solid-state laser Laser gain medium and type (Rare) Dermatological uses, photodynamic therapy. Scientific research: Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy ĭermatological uses, high speed photography, pump for dye lasers. Neon– copper (NeCu) metal-vapor laser Įlectrical discharge in metal vapor mixed with neon buffer gas. Helium– selenium (HeSe) metal-vapor laser (Rare) Scientific research, amateur laser construction. paper currency printing), scientific research. ![]() Printing and typesetting applications, fluorescence excitation examination (i.e. Metal-vapor lasers Laser gain medium and typeĮlectrical discharge in metal vapor mixed with helium buffer gas. The tuning range of the laser depends on which dye is used. ![]() Research, laser medicine, spectroscopy, birthmark removal, isotope separation. Main article: Dye laser Laser gain medium and typeģ90-435 nm ( stilbene), 460-515 nm ( coumarin 102), 570-640 nm ( rhodamine 6G), many others Can operate in continuous wave mode, with power in the megawatt range.Ĭhemical reaction of chlorine atoms with gaseous hydrazoic acid, resulting in excited molecules of nitrogen chloride, which then pass their energy to the iodine atoms. Military lasers, scientific and materials research. transmittance)ġ.315 μm (<70% atmospheric transmittance)Ĭhemical reaction in a jet of singlet delta oxygen and iodine Used in research for laser weaponry, operated in continuous-wave mode, can have power in the megawatt range. Ultraviolet lithography for semiconductor manufacturing, laser surgery, LASIK, scientific research.Ģ.7 to 2.9 μm for hydrogen fluoride (<80% atmospheric transmittance)Ĭhemical reaction in a burning jet of ethylene and nitrogen trifluoride (NF 3) Material processing ( engraving, welding, etc.), photoacoustic spectroscopy.ġ57 nm (F 2), 193.3 nm (ArF), 248 nm (KrF), 308 nm (XeCl), 351 nm (XeF)Įxcimer recombination via electrical discharge Material processing ( laser cutting, laser beam welding, etc.), surgery, dental laser, military lasers. Transverse (high-power) or longitudinal (low-power) electrical discharge Nitrogen lasers can operate superradiantly (without a resonator cavity). Pumping of dye lasers, measuring air pollution, scientific research. Many lines throughout visible spectrum extending into the UV and IR Scientific research, mixed with argon to create "white-light" lasers, light shows. Retinal phototherapy (for diabetes), lithography, confocal microscopy, spectroscopy pumping other lasers.Ĥ16 nm, 530.9 nm, 568.2 nm, 647.1 nm, 676.4 nm, 752.5 nm, 799.3 nm
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